Curious Cometary Knots in the Helix Nebula
			
		
		
		
			What causes unusual knots of gas and dust in 
planetary nebulas?  
Seen also in the 
Ring Nebula, the 
Dumbbell Nebula and  
NGC 2392, 
the knots' existence was not initially predicted and their origins 
are still not well understood.  
Pictured above is a fascinating image of the 
Helix Nebula by the 
Hubble Space Telescope 
showing tremendous detail of its mysterious gaseous knots.  
The above cometary knots have masses similar to the Earth but have radii typically several times the orbit of Pluto.   
One hypothesis 
for the fragmentation and evolution of the knots includes existing gas being 
driven out 
by a less dense but highly energetic 
stellar wind 
of the central evolving star.  
The Helix Nebula 
is the closest example of a 
planetary nebula 
created at the end of the 
life of a Sun-like star.
The Helix Nebula, given a technical designation of NGC 7293, lies about 700 
light-years 
away towards the 
constellation of 
Aquarius.